Background. Criteria for antiretroviral treatment (ART) were adjusted to enable early HIV treatment for people living HIV/AIDS\n(PLHIV) in China in recent years. This study aims to determine how pretreatment waiting time after HIV confirmation affects\nsubsequent adherence and outcomes over the course of treatment. Methods. A retrospective observational cohort study was\nconducted using treatment data from PLHIV in Yuxi, China, between January 2004 and December 2015. Results. Of 1,663\nparticipants, 348 were delayed testers and mostly initiated treatment within 28 days. In comparison, 1,315 were nondelayed testers\nand the median pretreatment waiting time was 599 days, but it significantly declined over the study period. Pretreatment CD4\nT-cell count drop (every 100 cells/mm3) contributed slowly in CD4 recovery after treatment initiation (8% less,
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